Crash on malloc_internal when recompiling a ShaderGraph used by another shader via UsePass

How to reproduce:
1. Open the user attached “1617723-UsePass.zip“ project
2. Open the scene called "Scene"
3. Open "SpecVertColFast" in Shader Graph
4. Ensure the GameView and Shader Graph is visible in the Editor
5. Save and Recompile the "SpecVertColFast" shader
6. Observe crash

Reproducible with: 14.0.8 (2022.3.1f1, 2022.3.6f1)
Not reproducible with: 12.1.12 (2021.3.29f1), 14.0.7 (2022.3.0f1), 15.0.6 (2023.1.7f1), 16.0.3 (2023.2.0b3)

Reproduced on: Windows 10

First lines of stack trace:
0x00007ff691caed4e (Unity) malloc_internal
0x00007ff69216d895 (Unity) keywords::LocalKeywordState::Resize
0x00007ff692171401 (Unity) ShaderLab::Pass::ComputePassValuesHash
0x00007ff69214b303 (Unity) Material::UpdateHashes
0x00007ff69213a501 (Unity) Material::BuildProperties