Crash on "SymGetSymFromAddr64" when building Android Player for Meta Quest 3S

Reproduction steps (estimated):

1. Open the attached project “ReproProject“
2. Make sure Meta Quest 3S device is connected via cable Link
3. Switch to Android platform in Build Profiles
4. Build or Build & Run the Player
5. Observe the result

Expected result: The Player is built
Actual result: Editor crashes when building the Player

Reproducible in: 6000.0.33f1 (user reported)

Reproducible on: Windows 11 (user)
Not reproducible on: No other environments tested

Reproducible on device: Meta Quest 3S
Not reproducible on device: Meta Quest 2

First few lines of the stack trace:

ERROR: SymGetSymFromAddr64, GetLastError: 'Attempt to access invalid address.' (Address: 00007FFE98EAEF0A)
0x00007FFE98EAEF0A (Unity) (function-name not available)
0x00007FFE9A6A2FB2 (Unity) UnityMain
0x00007FFE9A6B0A7C (Unity) UnityMain
0x00007FFE9A6B0BAD (Unity) UnityMain
ERROR: SymGetSymFromAddr64, GetLastError: 'Attempt to access invalid address.' (Address: 00007FFE98B1268D)

Note: The issue was not tested by CQA due to not having Meta Quest 3S device