"Failed to unpersist" error is not informative when trying to modify Prefab in runtime

Reproduction steps:
1. Open the attached “Failed to unpersist bug.zip“ project
2. Open the “ControlScene” scene
3. Enter Play mode and press “btn_pause” GameObject in the Game window
4. Exit Play mode and observe the Console

Expected result: Error is thrown about trying to modify Prefab in runtime
Actual result: “Failed to unpersist: RectTransform ID: 28522 FileID: 1917829713” errors are thrown

Reproducible with: 2021.3.23f1, 2022.2.16f1, 2023.1.0b13, 2023.2.0a11
Could not test with: 2020.3.47f1 (Due to the errors in the Console)

Reproduced on: macOS Monterey 12.6 (Intel)