Crash on AssetResolver::GetAssetCachedInfo when starting project

Reproduction steps:
1. Start the user-attached project

Expected result: Editor starts normally
Actual result: Editor crashes when starting

Reproducible with: 2021.2.8f1, 2021.2.9f1, 2021.2.10f1
Not reproducible with: 2020.3.37f1, 2021.2.7f1, 2021.2.11f1, 2021.3.6f1, 2022.1.9f1, 2022.2.0b1, 2023.1.0a3

Reproducible on: Windows 10 Pro 21H2

Notes:

• Remove and extract the project when starting with another Unity Editor version
• Workaround: delete the Library folder from the project folder

First lines of stack trace:

0x00007ff64e65e6f8 (Unity) AssetResolver::GetAssetCachedInfo
0x00007ff64e64ef03 (Unity) AssetDatabasePropertyV2::FetchAssetMetaInfo
0x00007ff64e64d5f4 (Unity) AssetDatabasePropertyV2::DoNext
0x00007ff64e242404 (Unity) BaseHierarchyProperty::Next
0x00007ff64c9577f6 (Unity) HierarchyProperty_CUSTOM_Next