Unity crashes on mono_custom_attrs_from_class when exiting the Editor

Reproduction steps:
1. Open project “.project“
2. Exit the project using the X

Expected result: The Editor is closed
Actual result: The Editor crashes

Reproducible with: 2023.1.0a26 (by user)

Reproducible on: Windows 10 (by user)

Note: could not reproduce on macOS Catalina 10.15.7 (Intel), Windows 10 or Windows 11 myself

First few lines of stack trace:
0x00007FFCA69BF25B (mono-2.0-bdwgc) [C:\build\output\Unity-Technologies\mono\mono\metadata\custom-attrs.c:1759] mono_custom_attrs_from_class
0x00007FFCAAE76506 (Unity) scripting_class_has_attribute
0x00007FFCAAF011F9 (Unity) PersistentManager::IsObjectNonTextSerialized
0x00007FFCAAF0AEDB (Unity) PersistentManager::WriteFile
0x00007FFCAAF0E73E (Unity) PersistentManager::WriteFile
0x00007FFCAAF0ECF0 (Unity) PersistentManager::WriteFile