“Mesh.SetBoneWeights() failed: Vertex (vertex number) has zero weights” only in release build

How to reproduce:
1. Open the “BoneWeightRepro“ project
2. Open the “SampleScene“
3. Go to the "File > Build Settings..."
4. Toggle off Development Build and press the "Build & Run" button
5. Once the project builds, exit the Player, then open the "Player.log" file
6. Observe the “Player.log” file

Expected result: Player Build runs without errors being logged in the “Player.log”
Actual result: “Mesh.SetBoneWeights() failed: Vertex (vertex number) has zero weights” logged in the “Player.log”

Reproducible with: 2021.3.32f1, 2022.3.13f1, 2023.1.20f1, 2023.2.0b17, 2023.3.0a14

Reproducible on: macOS 13.5.2 (Intel)
Not reproducible on: No other environment tested

Notes:

• Not reproducible in Editor
• Also reproducible with free Unity 3D character module asset
• Not reproducible when the project is Build and Run with Development Build toggled on
• “Player.log” locations are:
  Windows - %USERPROFILE%\AppData\LocalLow\CompanyName\ProductName\Player.log
  macOS - ~/Library/Logs/Company Name/Product Name/Player.log
  Linux - ~/.config/unity3d/CompanyName/ProductName/Player.log
  documentation page for log files - https://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/LogFiles.html