Crash on Object::GetCachedScriptingObject when entering Play Mode after missing a reference variable

How to reproduce:
1. Open the attached project from the comments
2. Open Scene "WanderingAIScene"
3. Enter Play Mode

Expected result: Error message for missing reference used to be printed in Console

Reproducible with: 2023.1.0a17, 2023.1.0b13, 2023.2.0a11
Not reproducible with: 2020.3.47f1, 2021.3.24f1, 2022.2.16f1, 2023.1.0a16

First lines of stack trace:
0x00007FFB9C9EA375 (Unity) Object::GetCachedScriptingObject
0x00007FFB9C896AE6 (Unity) GameObject_CUSTOM_get_transform_Injected
0x000002063D720C7A (Mono JIT Code) (wrapper managed-to-native) UnityEngine.GameObject:get_transform_Injected (intptr)
0x000002063D720BB3 (Mono JIT Code) UnityEngine.GameObject:get_transform ()