Infinite import loop when opening a project which contains assets with the same name

Reproduction steps:
1. Open the attached project "InfiniteImport"

Expected result: The project is opened properly
Actual result: The project imports forever

Reproducible with: 2021.3.29f1, 2021.3.30f1
Not reproducible with: 2022.3.8f1, 2023.1.11f1, 2023.2.0b8, 2023.3.0a4

Reproducible on: Ubuntu 23.04
Not reproducible on: Windows 10 Pro 22H2, macOS 13.5

Notes:

• 2022.3.X, 2023.1.X, 2023.2.X, 2023.3.X detects that there are files with the same name:
  ”The following files have the same name as another file, but only differ in casing and will be ignored:
  Assets/Square.png.meta
  Case sensitive file systems are not fully supported, please move or rename these files.”
• Other operating systems do not have case sensitive file systems, so they do not reproduce this issue