InvalidFrameStackException is thrown when debugging the Update() method

Reproduction steps:

1. Open the attached project “ExceptionOnDebug“
2. Open the scene “Assets/MainScene”
3. Enter the Play Mode
4. Open the script “Assets/Plugins/External/LunarConsole/Scripts/LunarConsole.cs“ using the Visual Studio Code editor
5. Add Breakpoint to the 228th line
6. Attach Unity Debugger View>Command Pallete>Unity Attach Debugger
7. Press F11 a couple of times
8. Observe InvalidFrameStackException in the VS Code Debug Window

Expected result: Debugging process works without failure
Actual result: InvalidStackFremException is thrown randomly

Reproducible with: 2021.3.16f1, 2022.1.24f1
Couldn't test with: 2020.3.43f1 (“The type or namespace name 'PrefabStageUtility' does not exist in the namespace 'UnityEditor.SceneManagement'“), 2022.2f1 (“The type or namespace name 'NavMeshSurface' could not be found“), 2023.1.0a25 (Project crashes on launch)

Reproducible on: Windows 11

Note: The issue has been seen in VS Code and Rider editors