1) In new HDRP outdoor scene add a Camera (or use existing)
2) Add DOF override to a volume and set focus distance to low value (0.2 meters should be enough)
3) Optional: Change Game view from Free Aspect to some fixed resolution (on mac I didnt have to do this step).
Result: Screen goes black
Attaching 2 videos with slightly different repro steps (mac and windows)
Workaround fix: enable and disable Physical Camera properties on the camera.
Also reproduces if Manual Ranges is used on the volume. Does not matter if physically based checkbox is used or not.
Tested on trunk + Unity 2023.1.a14